The straw in Heilongjiang field has been packed and taken by Wang Nina

Heilongjiang Province Rural Agriculture Department issued a news on 24, as China's largest black soil area province, five years ago, Heilongjiang Province has increased the protection of black land, has achieved results. Monitoring data in 2019 show that the average thickness of the plough layer has increased from 19.8 cm in 2014 to 23.3cm, and the land cultivated by agricultural reclamation and large agricultural machinery cooperatives has experienced a restorative growth.

The black land in Northeast China is one of the only three black soil areas in the world. Heilongjiang Province is located in the core area of the northeast black soil area, and owns the most extensive black land in China. The typical black soil cultivated land covers an area of 156 million mu, accounting for 56.1% of the cultivated land area of the typical black soil area in Northeast China, which is the frontier of black land protection in China.

"Black land protection is a long-term and comprehensive work, which is more difficult and longer than the blue sky defense war." The head of Heilongjiang agricultural environment and cultivated land protection station, mayunqiao, said.

In recent years, Heilongjiang Province has been exploring and practicing black land protection, and has found out the ways of "pilot project" and "pushing model". In the pilot work, the province has been divided into two batches since 2015, with a total of 20 counties (cities, districts and yards) implementing the northeast black land protection and utilization pilot project, covering an area of 5.22 million mu. The monitoring data of the first batch of 9 pilot counties implemented in 2015-2017 show that, compared with the pilot projects in 2015, the average content of soil organic matter increased by 3.6%, the cultivated land quality increased by 0.54 grades, and the average thickness of the dry land cultivation layer reached 30.7 cm, which raised the quality of black soil cultivated land.

In terms of the black land protection mode, the province is also in four types of areas, such as plain dry land, slope farmland, wind sand drought and paddy field, and explores and forms 9 main technical models of black land protection and utilization.

At present, Heilongjiang Province vigorously promotes the deep loosening and consolidation of large agricultural machinery, thus breaking the "plough bottom" under the cultivated layer, which becomes thicker and harder, and increasing the soil water storage and moisture conservation capacity.

"In order to increase the organic matter content in the soil, after autumn harvest every year, we will deeply bury straw into the soil layer to realize the" black overwintering "of the black land, so that the black soil will be more vigorous Said mayunqiao. In 2019, the cultivated land "black overwintering" area of the province exceeded 120 million mu, of which the deep pine land was close to 50million mu.

Meanwhile, Heilongjiang province implements the combination of land use and maintenance. In 2019, the pilot area of the rotation and rest system of cultivated land has reached more than 13 million mu.

According to the latest monitoring data of Heilongjiang Province, the average organic matter content of cultivated land soil reaches 36.2g / kg, compared with 2014, the annual decline rate of soil organic matter in cultivated land has decreased from 0.69% to 0.38% in five years compared with 2014.